Cackling Goose

Cackling Goose in the standing water in a field slightly in front of a very similar looking Canada Goose.
Cackling Goose, Bosque del Apache NWR, San Antonio, NM, November 10, 2022
Canon EOS R5 with Canon 100-500 mm L-series lens with 1.4x Teleconverter; 700 mm; ISO-1000; f/11; 1/1000 sec.

This page is for the Cackling Goose (Branta hutchinsii). This bird (foreground) is almost always mistaken for a Canada Goose (background) and they were considered the same species until 2004 when they were differentiated through genetic analysis (Griffiths, 2017). This one may actually be a Canada Goose, but the Merlin app kept identifying is at a Cackling Goose, so I looked deeper, and I think the description of a Cackling Goose seems to fit based on what I have read and comparative pictures I have seen. Some differences of the Cackling Goose are a more rounded head, shorter and thicker neck, smaller bill, a white neck collar, smaller and shorter body, and a shorter wing length (the wings do not fully cover the tail feathers like they do with the Canada Goose behind it).

Cackling goose walking around the ground with several Canada geese.
Cackling Goose, Lake Manawa SP Council Bluffs, IA March 12, 2025
Canon EOS R5 with Canon 100-500 mm L-series lens with 1.4x teleconverter; 700 mm; ISO-800; f/10; 1/800 sec.